1. Operating System Objectives and Functions
2. The Evolution of Operating Systems
3. Major Achievements
• Processes
• Memory Management
• Scheduling and Resource Management
• System Structure
• Information Protection and Security
4. Developments Leading to Modern Operating Systems

1. What Is a Process?
2. Process States
3. Process Description
4. Process Control
• Modes of Execution
• Process Creation & Termination
• Process Switching
5. Threads
• Multithreading
• Thread Functionality
• User-Level and Kernel-Level Threads

Operating System Structure

1. Symmetric Multiprocessing
• Architecture
• Organization
• Multiprocessor Operating System Design Considerations
2. Execution of the Operating System
• Nonprocess Kernel
• Execution within User Processes
• Process-Based Operating System
• System calls
3. Architectural Design Patterns
• Layers
• Microkernel
• Broker
4. System Boot
5. Monolithic kernels
6. Microkernels
• Microkernel Architecture
• Benefits of a Microkernel Organization
• Microkernel Performance
• Microkernel Design

Concurrency: Mutual Exclusion

1. Principles of Concurrency
• Critical Section
• Deadlock
• Race Condition
• Starvation
• Operating System Concerns
• Process Interaction
• Requirements for Mutual Exclusion
2. Mutual Exclusion: Hardware Support
• Interrupt Disabling
• Special Machine Instructions
3. Semaphores
• General Semaphore
• Binary Semaphore
• Mutual Exclusion
• The Producer/Consumer Problem
• Implementation of Semaphores
4. Monitors
• Conditional Variables
• Monitor with Signal
• Alternate Model of Monitors with Notify and Broadcast

Concurrency: Synchronization

1. Memory Management Requirements
• Relocation
• Protection
• Sharing
• Logical Organization
• Physical Organization
2. Memory Partitioning
• Fixed Partitioning
• Dynamic Partitioning
• Buddy System
• Relocation
3. Paging
4. Segmentation
5. Loading and Linking

1. Types of Professor Scheduling
1. Long-Term Scheduling
2. Medium-Term Scheduling
3. Short-Term Scheduling
2. Scheduling Algorithms
1. Short-Term Scheduling Criteria
2. The Use of Priorities
3. Alternative Scheduling Policies
4. Performance Comparison
5. Fair-Share Scheduling
3. Response Time

SMP and Real-Time Scheduling

1. Multiprocessor Scheduling
• Granularity
• Design Issues
• Process Scheduling
• Thread Scheduling
2. Real-Time Scheduling
1. Characteristics of Real-Time Operating Systems
2. Real-Time Scheduling
3. Deadline Scheduling
4. Rate Monotonic Scheduling
5. Priority Inversion

1. I/O Devices
• Organization of the I/O Function
• The Evolution of the I/O Function
• Direct Memory Access
2. Operating System Design Issues
• Design Objectives
• Logical Structure of the I/O Function
3. I/O Buffering
• Single Buffer
• Double Buffer
• Circular Buffer
• The Utility of Buffering
4. Disk Scheduling
• Disk Performance Parameters
• Disk Scheduling Policies
5. Disk Cache

1. Overview
• Files and File systems
• File Structure
• File Management Systems
2. File Organization and Access
• The Pile
• The Sequential File
• The Indexed Sequential File
• The Indexed File
• The Direct or Hashed File
3. File Directories
• Contents
• Structure
• Naming
4. File Sharing
• Access Rights
• Simultaneous Access
5. Record Blocking
6. Secondary Storage Management
• File Allocation
• Free Space Management
• Volumes
• Reliability
7. File System Security

Protection & Security

1. Computer Security Concepts
2. Threats, Attacks, Assets
• Intruders
• Malicious Software Overview
3. Authentication
4. Access Control
5. Intrusion Detection
6. Malware Defense
7. Dealing With Buffer Overflow Attacks